INTERMEDIATE Memory Hierarchies 2 Lessons
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Why Fast Systems Cache

Caching isn't just a performance trick — it's a fundamental consequence of the physics of memory. Your CPU L1 cache is 4ns. RAM is 100ns. A network round-trip is 500,000ns. Caching is how systems cope with these gaps. Understanding *why* we cache — not just *how* — makes every caching decision obvious instead of mysterious.